Which of the following methods can help protect data integrity?

Logging is an important method for protecting data integrity because it involves recording events, transactions, and modifications made to data. By maintaining a log of these actions, organizations can track who accessed data and what changes were made. This traceability is crucial in determining whether data integrity has been compromised, as it allows for audits and incident investigations. If any unauthorized modifications occur, the logs can provide insights into when and how the integrity of the data was affected.

In contrast, while the other methods listed can contribute to overall security, they do not specifically focus on data integrity. Firewalls serve primarily to enforce security policies by controlling incoming and outgoing network traffic but do not monitor data changes. Network segmentation can enhance security by limiting access to sensitive data but does not inherently ensure that data remains unchanged. Phishing awareness training is integral for preventing social engineering attacks but does not address the technical aspects of maintaining data accuracy and consistency.