What is the first step in vulnerability management?

Maintaining an asset inventory is the foundational first step in vulnerability management because it provides a clear understanding of what assets are in the organization, including hardware, software, and critical data. An accurate and updated asset inventory allows security teams to identify which assets need protection and helps prioritize which vulnerabilities to address based on the value and risk associated with each asset.

Without a comprehensive inventory, it becomes challenging to recognize vulnerable systems or to ensure that all assets are being monitored and managed appropriately. This foundational step also facilitates effective communication between teams and supports subsequent steps in vulnerability management, such as risk assessment, vulnerability scanning, and implementing security controls.

While implementing security controls, conducting audits, and developing an incident response plan are all crucial components of a broader cybersecurity strategy, they are more effective when built upon a solid understanding and documentation of the assets involved in the organization's operations.