How does NIST define an incident?

NIST defines an incident specifically as a violation or imminent threat of violation of computer security policies. This definition encompasses a wide range of activities that can compromise the integrity, confidentiality, or availability of information systems and data. By framing an incident this way, NIST emphasizes the importance of proactive security measures and the need to respond swiftly to any potential breaches.

The focus on computer security policies highlights not just actual breaches, but also situations where the security measures are at risk of being violated, allowing organizations to address threats before they escalate into more serious issues. This definition aligns with best practices in cybersecurity, where an organization's ability to recognize and respond to incidents is crucial for maintaining a robust security posture.

In contrast, the other options have narrower focuses that don't align with the comprehensive view of what constitutes an incident in the realm of cybersecurity. For example, a breach of physical security protocols or violations of privacy policies, while serious, do not directly address the broader scope of computer security policies. Additionally, a failure in disaster recovery plans is more about operational processes than a direct violation of security policies.